What is the effect of failing to properly disinfect a newly laid section of water main?

Failing to properly disinfect a newly laid section of water main can lead to potential contamination of the water supply. This is crucial because during the installation of a water main, various contaminants—such as dirt, bacteria, and other pathogens—can enter the pipe. Disinfection is aimed at eliminating these harmful microorganisms that can adversely affect water quality and public health.

If the disinfection process is skipped or inadequately performed, pathogens could remain in the system, leading to unsafe drinking water that poses health risks to consumers. Therefore, proper disinfection is a critical step to ensure that the water delivered to the public is safe and free from contaminants that could lead to waterborne diseases.

The other options do not accurately reflect the immediate and serious consequence of neglecting disinfection. Increased chlorine residual, decreased pressure, or improved taste are not direct results of the failure to disinfect and would not address the underlying health risks associated with contaminated water supply resulting from improper maintenance of the water main.