What are disinfection by-products?

Disinfection by-products are compounds that form when disinfectants, such as chlorine or ozone, react with organic matter present in the water. During the disinfection process, these chemicals target pathogens to ensure that the water is safe for consumption. However, when disinfectants interact with naturally occurring organic materials, they can create a variety of chemical compounds that may have health implications or affect the taste and quality of the water.

This understanding is crucial for water treatment processes, as managing and minimizing the formation of these by-products is important for both regulatory compliance and public health safety. By identifying the origin of disinfection by-products, water treatment facilities can implement strategies to reduce their levels, such as optimizing the type and amount of disinfectants used or improving the removal of organic materials prior to disinfection.

The other options do not accurately describe disinfection by-products; they refer to different aspects of water treatment or distribution that do not relate to the chemical reactions involved in the disinfection process.